6,861 station-mapped locations
NOAA 1991-2020 Climate Normals are represented across 6,861 station-mapped U.S. locations in this portal's current dataset, each keyed to its own primary weather station.
U.S. Climate Statistics
A citable national view of the NOAA 1991-2020 Climate Normals behind PlainClimate. Each figure below is computed from the live portal database, not typed into a static report.
The NOAA 1991-2020 Climate Normals in PlainClimate span 6,861 station-mapped U.S. locations with a 66.1°F gap between the coldest and warmest annual-average records.
PlainClimate aggregates NOAA 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals across 6,861 station-mapped locations (2026-08-04 vintage). The mean annual-average temperature is 53.3°F; mean precipitation is 35.0" across 6,352 locations with a precipitation normal. Figures describe 30-year climate normals, not a single day's weather or a forecast.
- 53.3°F mean annual average
- North Dakota coldest winter state
- 51 states in rollups
Key findings
What the national records show
66.1°F spread
The gap between the coldest (13°F) and warmest (79°F) annual-average location record in the dataset is 66.1°F, a measure of national climate range, not a single day's weather.
53.3°F average
The mean annual-average temperature across all 6,861 tracked station-mapped locations is 53.3°F. Mean annual precipitation is 35.0", averaged over the 6,352 of those locations that carry a precipitation normal, not all 6,861.
76.7°F swing
Central, AK has the widest gap between its warmest and coldest average month among ranked cities and Census-designated places, 76.7°F, against a national average swing of 43.1°F for that same cohort.
North Dakota
North Dakota has the coldest average winter (Dec-Feb) temperature of any state with tracked locations, at 13°F, based on 119 stations.
Arizona
Arizona has the clearest average sky-cover reading of any state with hourly-normal stations: 71.3% clear observations, from 7 stations (cloud-cover frequency, not measured sunshine hours).
Temperature × precipitation · 50-state landscape
Warm states are not one climate
PlainClimate's state averages separate the warm half of the country into very different climates. Among states at or above the 50-state median annual temperature, Nevada averages 8.9 inches of precipitation while Louisiana averages 60.3 inches, a 51.4-inch gap. These are simple averages across each state's station-mapped locations, not official statewide or population-weighted normals.
Read all 50 state values
Each point is PlainClimate's simple average across the station-mapped location normals available for that state. Cohort sizes vary and are shown below; the values are not population weighted. Dashed lines mark the median of this 50-state comparison and are guides, not comfort or safety thresholds.
| State | Locations | Annual mean | Annual precipitation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska | 172 | 33.5°F | 47.6 in |
| Alabama | 100 | 63.3°F | 57.9 in |
| Arkansas | 110 | 60.7°F | 52.2 in |
| Arizona | 169 | 62.3°F | 12.4 in |
| California | 363 | 59.8°F | 21.6 in |
| Colorado | 214 | 46.3°F | 15.9 in |
| Connecticut | 23 | 50.1°F | 48.6 in |
| Delaware | 7 | 56.2°F | 46.8 in |
| Florida | 165 | 72.6°F | 55.2 in |
| Georgia | 122 | 63.4°F | 52.0 in |
| Hawaii | 49 | 72.4°F | 48.5 in |
| Iowa | 143 | 48.0°F | 35.9 in |
| Idaho | 139 | 46.1°F | 18.0 in |
| Illinois | 163 | 52.2°F | 40.7 in |
| Indiana | 116 | 52.4°F | 43.7 in |
| Kansas | 168 | 54.8°F | 31.2 in |
| Kentucky | 95 | 56.2°F | 50.6 in |
| Louisiana | 91 | 67.3°F | 60.3 in |
| Massachusetts | 68 | 49.2°F | 48.2 in |
| Maryland | 42 | 55.6°F | 45.5 in |
| Maine | 79 | 43.1°F | 46.4 in |
| Michigan | 201 | 45.5°F | 34.2 in |
| Minnesota | 172 | 42.2°F | 30.0 in |
| Missouri | 164 | 55.1°F | 43.9 in |
| Mississippi | 91 | 64.1°F | 59.7 in |
| Montana | 215 | 43.4°F | 15.9 in |
| North Carolina | 178 | 59.1°F | 52.2 in |
| North Dakota | 119 | 41.0°F | 19.2 in |
| Nebraska | 171 | 49.6°F | 25.0 in |
| New Hampshire | 52 | 44.5°F | 46.6 in |
| New Jersey | 45 | 53.6°F | 47.9 in |
| New Mexico | 167 | 54.3°F | 13.8 in |
| Nevada | 115 | 52.4°F | 8.9 in |
| New York | 173 | 47.5°F | 43.7 in |
| Ohio | 128 | 51.6°F | 41.1 in |
| Oklahoma | 159 | 60.3°F | 35.7 in |
| Oregon | 180 | 50.5°F | 37.6 in |
| Pennsylvania | 157 | 50.2°F | 45.2 in |
| Rhode Island | 9 | 51.2°F | 48.7 in |
| South Carolina | 100 | 62.8°F | 49.8 in |
| South Dakota | 149 | 45.6°F | 21.8 in |
| Tennessee | 146 | 58.0°F | 56.0 in |
| Texas | 449 | 66.2°F | 31.1 in |
| Utah | 170 | 49.4°F | 13.9 in |
| Virginia | 119 | 55.8°F | 46.0 in |
| Vermont | 41 | 43.5°F | 43.7 in |
| Washington | 149 | 49.9°F | 40.9 in |
| Wisconsin | 200 | 44.5°F | 34.6 in |
| West Virginia | 99 | 52.3°F | 47.6 in |
| Wyoming | 144 | 43.3°F | 14.0 in |
Derived by PlainClimate from NOAA 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals · simple averages across each state's varying station-mapped-location cohort · data updated 2026-08-04.
Coldest states by winter temperature
Average December-February temperature across each state's tracked station-mapped locations. Hawaii runs warmest in this comparison, at 69°F.
Coldest states, winter average temperature
NOAA 1991-2020 Climate Normals, Dec-Feb station-mapped-location average
- ND
ND
13.4 °F
- AK
AK
13.8 °F
- MN
MN
14.3 °F
- WI
WI
19.5 °F
- ME
ME
19.9 °F
- VT
VT
20.2 °F
- SD
SD
20.9 °F
- NH
NH
22.2 °F
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Sources, scope, and reuse
PlainClimate derives every figure above from NOAA's 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals. See the methodology for source scope and refresh details, browse the station-mapped location profiles for local context, or cite this report using the stable path below. The report's derived presentation is released under CC0; the upstream NOAA source data retains its own terms.
Download location normals (CSV, all 6,861 station-mapped locations) Download location normals (JSON) Download state normals (CSV, all 51 states) Download state normals (JSON) Download place identity crosswalk (CSV, all 6,861 locations) Download place identity crosswalk (JSON) View data catalog
This national report aggregates the same source fields used on PlainClimate's station-mapped location and state pages. No figure on this page is typed in by an editor - each value is rendered from NOAA 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error. Data current as of 2026-08-04.